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第377章 秦国历代君主8(2 / 2)

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“中”字形大墓中,最大的一座是已发掘的秦公一号大墓,其规模之大令人震惊,全长300米,其中墓室长60米,宽40米。深24.5米,总面积达5334平方米。比河南安阳侯家庄商代国王陵大10倍,比湖南长沙西汉马王堆一号大墓大20倍!从墓道的一端望去,这座大墓像一条幽深的峡谷,正如《诗经·黄鸟》说的:“临某穴,惴惴其憷”,使人惊叹大墓的深邃,充分反映了当时秦国经济的发达,国力的雄强和奴隶的劳役之苦。

小主,这个章节后面还有哦,请点击下一页继续阅读,后面更精彩!历经十年开掘,直到1986年,在墓室中部,主棺棺顶才露出土面陵区一号大墓呈现在人们眼前。

墓中发掘出了一块铭文,上面记载了秦王族是黄帝之后。

秦公一号大墓虽遭严重盗扰,但仍出土了3000余件珍贵文物。其中最重大的刻有290多个篆文的石磬有“天子郾喜,龚桓是嗣”,“高阳有灵,四方以鼐”的字样。帝颛顼号高阳,是黄帝的孙子,这有力地证明了秦人为华夏族,与《史记》的记载是一致的。

此外,出土的3000余件极为精美的金器、玉器、铁器、石器和骨器,充分反映出秦人高超的工艺水平和丰富的物质文化生活,从而否定了历来认为的“秦国生产力落后”,“秦国奴隶制统治薄弱”等论点。对于我们重新认识秦国历史,提供了极为珍贵的资料。

构成主棺的东、西壁及棺底、盖的所有南北向柏木,两端均有榫头伸出,在主棺南北两侧,凑成长方形的如同柜子一般的形制。这便是黄肠题凑——周朝天子的丧葬规范。这一发现,证明了秦人不从周礼,大胆越制的气魄。

考古队员清理出的另外一些石头残片,发现他们是石磬,一种古代乐器,而且,在石磬边缘,竟然有铭文。

早先试图在青铜器上寻找的铭文,意外地出现在了石磬上。铭文后来被小心拓印下来。专家破解的结果,认定铭文记载了一次宫廷宴乐活动,大墓的主人,是活动的召集者。铭文里“共桓是嗣”几个字,说明了他的身份。这几个字是什么意思呢?“共桓是嗣”就是说共公和桓公的继承人,那么按照这个推测的话,它的继承人就是秦景公赢石。

那时的秦国,已在雍城雄据百年,国力也日渐强大,从景公死后使用周天子才可享用的黄肠题凑葬式,可见秦的雄心,已经超出关中一带。

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