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第377章 秦国历代君主8(1 / 2)

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秦景公十三年(公元前564年),秦景公派士雃向楚国请求援军攻打晋国,子囊以晋强秦弱为由劝说楚共王不要出兵,楚共王不听。同年秋,楚共王驻兵在武城(今河南省南阳市北)作为秦国的援军,秦国随后攻打晋国,晋国国内正遭受饥荒,无力反击。作为报复,晋悼公于次年派荀罃攻打秦国。

秦景公十五年(公元前562年),楚共王率军攻打郑国,并派派子囊向秦国求援,秦景公派右大夫詹率军救援。郑简公背弃与晋国的同盟,与楚国结盟。同年,楚国与郑国派兵攻打晋国的盟国宋国,晋国率领诸侯联军救援宋国。秦景公派庶长鲍、庶长武率兵救援郑国。庶长鲍先进入晋国国境,晋军守将士鲂因为秦军人少而放松警惕。庶长武从辅氏(今陕西省大荔县)渡过黄河,同庶长鲍夹击晋军,秦军与晋军在栎地(今山西省永济市西南)交战,晋军大败。

为报复晋国攻打郑国,公元前561年,楚国派子囊,秦国派庶长无地在杨梁(今河南省商丘市东南)会师,攻打宋国。同年,楚共王派司马子庚到秦国聘问,以感谢秦景公将女儿嫁给楚国。

为报栎之战战败之仇,秦景公十八年(公元前559年),晋悼公派荀偃率领鲁国叔孙豹、齐国崔杼、宋国华阅、仲江、卫国北宫括、郑国公孙虿、曹国、莒国、邾国、滕国、薛国、杞国、郳国攻打秦国,诸侯联军到达泾河后却不肯渡河,叔向会见叔孙豹后,鲁国、莒国先率军渡河。在公孙虿和北宫括的劝说下,诸侯联军渡过泾河后驻扎。秦国人在泾河上游放置毒药,诸侯联军死伤惨重。在公孙虿的激励下,晋军主将荀偃下令填平取水的井,拆毁做饭的炉灶,诸侯联军到达棫林(今陕西省华县东)后撤军。晋国将领栾针和士鞅冲入秦军营中,栾针战死,栾黡因其弟栾针之死迁怒于士鞅,士鞅被迫出奔秦国。

秦景公向士鞅询问晋国的大夫谁会先灭亡,士鞅回答说是栾氏。秦景公说:“是因为栾黡骄横的缘故吗?”士鞅回答说:“是的,栾黡太骄横了,但祸患恐怕要降落在栾盈身上。”秦景公为他为何,士鞅回答说:“栾书的恩德还留在百姓中间,而栾黡积累了太多的怨恨。到了栾盈一代,栾盈的恩德还没能积累,栾书一代的恩德早就消耗完了,所以栾氏灭亡应该在栾盈一代。”秦景公认为士鞅说的话很有见地,就让士鞅返回晋国,并请求晋悼公恢复了他原来的职位。

晋悼公死后,秦晋两国都想结束战争,于是开始和谈。为此,公元前549年,晋平公派韩起到秦国结盟,秦景公也派后子针到晋国结盟,但双方存在分歧,仅同意罢兵休战而未结盟。公元前547年,秦国再派后子针到晋国重新结盟。同年夏,楚国、秦国联合攻打吴国,到达雩娄(今河南省商城县东北),得知吴国早有防备后退兵。秦楚联军趁机攻打郑国,击败郑国军队,一直打到城麇。楚国俘虏了皇颉和印堇父,楚国押送皇颉回国,将印堇父交给秦军。子太叔按照子产的吩咐,用礼品赎回了印堇父。

秦景公三十一年(公元前546年),宋国大夫向戌召集诸侯举行弭兵之盟,派使者通报秦国,但秦国没有派使者参加会盟。

秦景公三十六年(公元前541年),秦景公的同母弟弟后子针因为有人说坏话诬陷他,他害怕被杀,于是逃奔到晋国,逃走时带着锱重车上千辆。晋平公说:“您这样富有,为什么还要逃亡呢?”后子针回答说:“秦君无道,我害怕被杀害,想等到他的继承人继位后再回去。”

秦景公四十年(公元前537年),秦景公去世,葬于丘里南,其子秦哀公继位。同年,后子针回到秦国。

据史书记载,秦国包括秦始皇(嬴政)、秦二世胡亥、秦王子婴,共有36代国君,其中19代建都雍城(今凤翔),长达294年。位于雍水河西面的三畸原,当时称作“北园”,距秦都雍城约6公里。这里地势坦荡,林木葱郁,地表距地下水位深度约80-100米,适宜营造大型墓葬,故被秦国统治者一眼选中,定为秦公陵园区。

现已探明,秦公陵园区南北宽3公里,东西长7公里,占地面积达2万多公顷,比河南安阳殷王陵区总面积大180倍。陵区四周有绵亘10多公里的大型护陵壕环绕。发现的43座大墓中,有18座“中”字形秦公大墓,3座“甲”字形大墓和若干中小陵墓,背西面东,呈雁翎形排列,规模宏大,气势非凡。

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