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第130章 数学(二)(2 / 2)

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(2)甲减乙等于二

问甲数等于多少?乙数等于多少?”

“这个题目,你可以把两边相加,得到:二甲等于八,甲数等于四。然后再得知乙数等于二。”

“还有一个方法,这就是今天我要讲的内容之一:你把式子改写成甲等于六减乙,标在刚才的垂直的两个数轴上。”

“我们挨个的算出:当乙\u003d0时,甲\u003d6,

当乙等于1时,甲数等于5,

当乙数等于2时,甲数等于4,

当乙数等于3,甲等于3。”

……

“然后,把甲数、乙数所有的代表它们的点都连接起来,组成一条线。”

“同样的道理,第二个式子:甲等于2+乙,”

“当乙等于零,甲等于2,

当乙等于1,甲等于3,

当乙等于2时,甲等于4,”

……

“把所有的代表它们的点也连接在一起,成为一条线。”

“这个时候,你会发现,这两条直相交于一点。这个点是乙等于2,甲等于4。”

“这个交点就是要求的甲数和乙数的大小。”

“这个方法叫数形结合。”

“好,先休息休息一刻钟。一会儿再讲几个问题。”

工部已经按照黎明朗的要求,设计出来了二十五层时光飞沙计时器,能够把每天时间分成二十四小时,每个小时都分成了四等份。

不过,时光计时器由于时光飞沙比较少,才做了十个。

主要放在朝堂上,国子监教学楼,以及寝宫等几个重要的地方。有专门人负责每天给他们倒立方位。

杨开泰顺利的进入了工部,当了一个不大不小的官。

李智楠到是做了户部分出了的一个部门——食品卫生部部长。

休息完了之后,黎明朗又开始讲课了。

“大家再看这一题:今有上禾三秉,中禾二秉,下禾一秉,实四十一斗;上禾二秉,中禾三秉,下禾一秉,实三十五斗;上禾一秉,中禾二秉,下禾三秉,实二十七斗。问上、中、下禾实一秉各几何。”.

“这题怎么做呢?假设甲、乙、丙依次为上、中、下禾各一秉的谷子数。”

“那么我们可以得到:

(1)3甲+2乙+丙\u003d41

(2)2甲+3乙+丙\u003d35

(3)甲+2乙+3丙\u003d27”

“这个题目,在《九章算术》中是有解法的。但是我们今天不用这种解法。”

“第(1)个式子,我们可以改写成:丙\u003d41-3甲-2乙,代入到第(2)个式子中,可以得到2甲+3乙+41-3甲-2乙\u003d35。

继而我们得到:乙-甲\u003d-6,即是甲-乙\u003d6(4)。代入到第(3)式子,可以得到:甲+2乙+123-9甲-6乙\u003d27,即是8甲+4乙\u003d96(5)。”

“由(4)(5)可以得到:甲\u003d10,乙\u003d4。”

“再把甲和乙的数值代入到(1)可知:丙\u003d3。”

“这种方法称之为换元法。”

接着,黎明朗把黑板上的数轴上讲的直线擦了,又补了一根数轴,就是立体几何中的第三条数轴。

他要讲空间数学了。

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