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经济

波黑在南斯拉夫时期便是联邦内较贫穷的地区之一,独立后又发生了内战,经济受到严重损害。战争结束后至今,波黑经济正在渐渐复苏,同时还要进行从计划经济到市场经济的转型。

GDP (2008年)总量184亿美元,人均约0.48万美元。

波黑货币为可兑换马克,曾经和德国马克保持一比一的汇率。德国马克由欧元所取代后,可兑换马克继续和欧元保持固定的汇率。

工业

波黑的主要经济部门有农业及食品加工业、能源业、旅游业、林业和木材加工业、金属加工业等。2016年的工业产值为137.8亿马克,同比增长3.1%,占国内生产总值的比例为46.1%。2016年波黑主要工业产品产量:电力160.88亿千瓦时,产煤1349万吨(土状褐煤720万吨,暗色褐煤629万吨)。

农牧业

波黑拥有发展多样化农业的自然条件,食品加工业传统悠久。波黑多山,农业用地占土地总面积的42.2%,共约239万公顷,其中100万公顷为集约化农业耕地。波黑有104万公顷天然草地和牧场,35万公顷土地专用于果园、葡萄园以及用于种植生产医药保健品的草药和香料香草等。波黑奶制品、水果、蔬菜等农产品具有出口欧盟资质。南部地区流行种植蜡菊等芳香植物。

2014年波黑主要牲畜存栏量:牛44.4万头,羊109.9万头,猪53.3万头,家禽2066.4万只。2014年波黑主要农产品产量:小麦17万吨,玉米79.8万吨,土豆30万吨。

服务业

2016年服务业登记从业人数为24.83万人,服务业产值165.85亿马克,约占国内生产总值55.47%。具体服务门类包括信息通讯、金融保险、文娱休闲和健康产业等。

旅游业

2016年入境旅游人数114.8万人次,同比增长11.6%,过夜天数237.6万天,同比增长10.9%。游客主要来自克罗地亚、塞尔维亚、土耳其、意大利和斯洛文尼亚等国。其中,中国游客人次,同比增长33.4%。旅游设施主要有旅馆、浴场、私人小旅馆、汽车宿营地、温泉和疗养地等。主要旅游点是萨拉热窝、巴尼亚卢卡和莫斯塔尔。

2021年,共接待游客人次,同比增长91.7%。其中本国游客人次,同比增长52.3%;外国游客人次,同比增长152.7%。中国游客1945人次,同比下降60.4%。旅游设施主要有旅馆、浴场、私人小旅馆、汽车宿营地、温泉和疗养地等。

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