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2016年达沃市市长罗德里戈·杜特尔特以大比数胜出总统选举,成为菲律宾第一位来自棉兰老岛的总统。另外代表自由党竞选的莱妮·罗布雷多胜出成为副总统。

2018年7月3日,菲律宾修宪咨询委员会22名法官全票通过《联邦宪法草案》最终版本,为菲律宾划分为18个联邦区扫清障碍。《联邦宪法草案》提议将菲律宾政体改为联邦制,地方将有更大的自治权,但仍会保留总统及副总统职位。

2018年3月16日,菲律宾已正式通知联合国退出国际刑事法院的决定。 2019年3月17日,菲律宾正式退出国际刑事法院。

地理环境

位置境域

菲律宾位于亚洲东南部。北隔巴士海峡与中国台湾省遥遥相对,南和西南隔苏拉威西海、巴拉巴克海峡与印度尼西亚、马来西亚相望,西濒南中国海,东临太平洋。共有大小岛屿7000多个,其中吕宋岛、棉兰老岛、萨马岛等11个主要岛屿占全国总面积的96%。海岸线长约千米,总面积29.97万平方千米。

地质地貌

菲律宾群岛地形多以山地为主,占总面积3/4以上;有200多座火山,其中活火山21座。除少数岛屿有较宽广的内陆平原外,大多数岛屿仅沿海有零星分布的狭窄平原。吕宋岛东南的马荣火山是最大的活火山;棉兰老岛东南部的阿波火山海拔2954米,为境内最高峰。各岛之间为浅海,多珊瑚礁。菲律宾群岛两侧为深海,萨马岛和棉兰老岛以东的菲律宾海沟,最深达米,是世界海洋最深的地区之一。

气候特征

菲律宾北部属海洋性热带季风气候,南部属热带雨林气候,全国各地普遍炎热、潮湿,全年可分为三个季节,分别为3月至5月炎热干燥的热季(tag-init或tag-araw),6月至11月的雨季(tag-ulan)及12月至隔年2月的凉季(tag-lamig)。5月至10月间的西南季风称之为Habagat,11月至4月干燥的东北季风则被称为Amihan。气温通常介于21℃至32℃间,但随着不同季节而有些许差异,1月最凉爽,5月为最热的月份。

海平面温度约为27℃,热季与凉季温差仅为3℃,各月平均温差则为3℃ - 12℃。全国平均温度最高为33.2 - 39.9℃,最低为16.7 - 20.9℃,最高及最低气温的分布在全国无明显差别。海拔高的地区则温度略低,如海拔约1450米的碧瑶,平均温度比马尼拉低7.5℃ - 9.3℃左右。而菲律宾一些邻近台湾的地区,以巴丹群岛为例:每逢冬季,如果中国大陆有较强的冷锋南下,一般也会掠过,令巴丹群岛甚至吕宋岛佬沃,气温会降至摄氏20度以下。年降水量2500毫米左右。夏秋季多雨、多台风。

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