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第82章 干吧(1 / 2)

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肖大山找了十来个大汉,春娘和肖大娘就忙着做饭。

这村里家家户户都是这样的,盖房子,包吃喝,不给工钱,就是欠个人情.....今天你帮我来,明天我帮你.....人情往来就是这么回事.....

人多力量大,四五天的功夫。四壁山墙垒好后,门窗也安装好了,现在就该进行最重要的环节——上大梁。

大梁的架子,是由木匠事先制作好的人字形三角架构,架在左右相对的两面墙上,然后将一根大梁担在上面,从而挑起整个屋顶遮风挡雨的重量。

上梁那天一早,肖大山带着肖大山早早的把八仙桌抬到院中央,上面摆好供品、香烛,还有神仙牌位,中午要摆酒席犒劳工匠,以期能顺利将一挂大梁,合力抬起搁到房子主体的墙架子上。

上梁是纯人力合作,山墙上面站着一溜儿精壮小伙,手里拉着牵系大梁的粗麻绳,下面一群人合力将盆口粗的大梁抬起,一点点升高后安放到屋顶脊的梁架子上。

整个过程紧张热闹,爆竹锣鼓齐鸣,工人们还要喊唱着号子,以便各人的行动能保持步调一致,大梁上斜十字交叉贴着红对联,上面写着“上梁大吉、大吉大利”等吉庆语。

梁上系着彩绸,有的还在房顶上面插上几面小红旗。还有司仪振振有词地念着祖辈传唱的上梁歌谣,内容多是祈求吉祥如意的好词,如“上一步地久天长,上五步五福临门,上六步六畜兴旺,上七步七星吉兆,上八步八方来财,上九步久久长命。”

大梁安放到墙上后,要进行抛梁仪式。

在上梁前一天,肖大山已经去村外坡上捡拾鸽子蛋大小的料姜石,就近到村头河里捡小鹅卵石,拿回家冲洗干净后,再用和好的面团将其一个个包裹起来,包成枣子大小的馍馍,放在蒸笼上蒸熟。俗称“过梁蛋儿”。

数量要按照主家男主人年龄来做,肖大山已经22岁,就得蒸22个过梁蛋儿。

撒过梁蛋儿前燃放鞭炮、唱歌敲鼓的喧闹,也相当于昭告全村男女老少,吸引大家前来围观争抢,因为按照当地风俗讲,来人越多越吉利,一是主家人缘好,二来预示着主家以后越过越红火。

抢到过梁蛋儿的大人小孩也都开心,因为不但意味着抢到了福气和美食,据说吃了过梁蛋儿还能治牙疼。

等到看热闹的村民倾村而动,围拢聚集到院里时,撒过梁蛋儿的人,便端着一个称量粮食的木斗,斗里面装着花生、糖果、过梁蛋儿等吃的,爬上屋顶沿着横放的大梁走一趟,边走边向下面抛撒斗里的过梁蛋儿,嘴里念着“手扶金梯步步升,芝麻开花节节高,庆贺主家千年富,子孙满堂万代好。”

上梁之后开始安椽子、铺苫子,苫子有用高粱杆儿编织成的,也有用芦苇、竹片做的,家境好的则会用木板拼接屋顶的,古人对这一道工序有压蒹、安蒹等文雅的称呼,有的地方还保留着亲戚朋友在这一天带着礼品来向屋主庆贺的旧俗,称为夺蒹。

肖家盖起的大瓦房里,用的是木板拼起的苫子,屋子正中央房顶的檩条上,还雕刻了一个太极图,黑白两色的双鱼相互合抱成一个圆形。

铺好苫子之后,要在上面摊上泥灰,接下来的工序就是盖瓦,俗称瓦(四声)房子,就是用瓦片铺满整个房顶。

瓦房子先从房檐处铺瓦当开始。瓦当俗称“滴水”,是取其用途为名,形状是半圆筒状的拱形长瓦,一端有下垂的三角形盖子,盖子朝下朝外,便于屋顶上的雨水,顺着瓦槽流下。

瓦当以其形状和上面刻写文字、图案的千姿百态,已经成为一种中国符号和民俗文化。秋雨连绵时,房檐下的地上,常被雨水滴砸出间距一致、排列有序的雨脚坑窝,农闲时节走村串户的说书人,常以其比兴教化村民孝敬老人,“房檐滴水照窝行,房檐滴水照窝砸,今天你把父母孝,老了才有儿孙敬。”

瓦房子要从房顶两边同时往中间铺,最后接缝合口时,叫合龙口,预示着建造房屋主体工程即将大功告成。

主体工程完工后,就要对屋里屋外进行装修。

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