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第147章 经筵辩论(1 / 2)

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太子宫建筑有甲观、画堂、丙殿和后堂。位置在长乐宫内,附属建筑先后有思贤苑、博望苑,在长安城覆盎门外。

太子宫内,今天是经筵日,十分的严肃。阳光斑驳地洒在甲观的大殿上,空气中弥漫着淡淡的墨香与焚香的气息。

刘欣端坐于高位,面容肃穆而专注。

大殿两侧,廷臣们或站或坐,手持经卷,神情各异,分别有王莽,师丹,孔光。马宫,刘歆,刘向,杨雄,班稚,王仁,王闳,即在此旁听的董贤,王寰。

则备茶粥和点心,以供廷臣们小憩时享用,整个太子宫内,一片庄重而和谐的景象。

西汉的帝王教育而言,廷臣入内殿讲经乃偶尔行之,不是常制,且无侍讲之名。

师丹手持书卷,声音洪亮地解释道:“《诗经》中写道:‘相鼠有皮,人而无仪!人而无仪,不死何为?相鼠有齿,人而无止!人而无止,不死何俟?相鼠有体,人而无礼!人而无礼,胡不遄死。’

刘欣提出了各种疑问,师丹都一一解答,此诗却有所不同,偏偏选中丑陋、狡黠、上位者连老鼠也不如,诗人不仅痛斥,以免玷污‘人’这个崇高的字眼。至于所刺的‘在位者’是谁,所刺何事。”

孔光讲解《尚书》,马宫讲解《春秋》。

刘欣听着《尚书》,向孔光提出疑问:“为何《尚书》有两个版本,起于孔鲋‘鲁壁’藏书,另外一个由秦末伏生所传?”

孔光拿起案上的粥茶喝了一口,清了清嗓子,解释道:“孔鲋藏书其字迹不清晰以及不正统,真正正统的是至今流传久久的《尚书》。”

刘欣点头。

然而,刘歆却不甘沉默,走了出来反驳道:“光禄勋,此言差矣。孔鲋藏书在断墙中得到古文,《逸礼》有三十九篇,《书》有十六篇。天汉之后,孔安国没来得及翻译,左氏丘明所修的《春秋》都是古文旧书,多的有二十多篇,藏在秘府,隐秘没有公布。与原书相差很大,便公布旧藏,校订旧文,用这三种书,校订学官传授的经传,经有的脱简,传有的错编。”

此话一出,殿内马宫、师丹、刘向以及孔光纷纷皱起眉头,心中暗想:这个刘子骏到底想干什么?难道他想否定现在的《尚书》吗?

王莽在一旁看在眼里,心想:这个刘歆啊,真是不惜得罪在场的人,也要证明是对的,只不过现代考证说明了。两者都有瑕疵。

师丹的声音带着不容置疑的坚定:“刘子骏虽言之凿凿,孔鲋所藏之书,字迹模糊,流传千年的尚书相提并论?伏生所传之尚书,历经秦火而存,其珍贵程度,岂是孔鲋藏书可比?”

刘歆毫不退让,眼中闪烁着对真理的执着:“孔鲋藏书其价值不可小觑。且不说《逸礼》三十九篇,《书》十六篇之珍贵,单就其内容而言,与现传尚书多有不同,伏生所传,难道就不存在错漏之处?学术之道,贵在求真,而非盲目崇古。”

二人你来我往,言辞犀利,大殿内的气氛一时变得紧张而热烈。大多数人,马宫、刘向、孔光等,均倾向于支持师丹的观点,认为伏生所传的尚书历经时间考验,更值得信赖。

刘歆的坚持,在他们看来,想要推翻的现在尚书成果,动摇到儒家的根基。

王莽见状,刘歆虽有才学,但今日之举,若任由事态发展,恐怕会引发不必要的纷争。

王莽缓缓起身,轻声说道:“子骏见解,确有其独到之处。孔壁之书与伏生所传尚书,各有千秋,今日之辩,无需过于执着。”

刘歆神色稍缓,深知王莽此言,既是对自己的解围,随后退回到自己的座位上,不再言语。

师丹也知适可而止,便也坐下,不再追究。

刘欣见辩论告一段落,便开口说道:“今日之经筵,实为难得,诸位各抒己见,本宫以为,学问之道,贵在争鸣。孔壁之书与伏生所传尚书之争,不妨并存共赏。

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