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第113章 金台下的问对(1 / 2)

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“贾芸,你的天时人口论不仅朕看了,诸王,勋贵,诸文武大臣都看了。朕想问你,你所谓的提高生产力才能破人口危局,怎么讲?”

隆正帝最在意的就是这一点!

若是说无解,那这篇文章只能封杀!

尽量降低影响!

书局日报也只能封掉。

光把难题抛出来,却无解决的思路……这种孟浪冒昧的小子,日后安心写话本小说便是,不要再出来惹乱子了!

这一次可是和王朝周期论不同。

王朝周期论泛泛而谈,起到警醒的作用,可以拿来当借口刷新吏治。

但天时人口论不同,更加具体,也更危险。

若是能叫有心人从人口曲线和粮食收成,产量,还有吏治,驻守兵马的战力虚实来判断,很可能就会浮现出一大批敢于出来造反的野心家。

那时候,麻烦就大了!

好在……此子似乎有些想法。

在隆正帝垂询之时,贾芸并不慌乱,镇定如初。

“回奏陛下,所谓生产力,就是由劳者,器械,还有生产的目标来决定。浅显些说,便是农人,农具,田亩来决定。”

“从古至今,生产力是一直在提高。”

“夏,商,周之前,只有部落而无国家,甚至商人大肆杀戮祭祀,因为彼时生产力极为低下,农具多为石制,木制,也缺作物种类,甚至很多地方还是以渔猎,采集为主,粮食不足,要地也无用,人口只是负担。至周分封,到东周之后,人口大幅度增长,各国开始争地,因为那时出现各种新农具,生产力大幅度增加,人口就是国力,土地和农具也是国力!”

“战国之后,情形大抵不变,土地虽有增长或减少,但人口阈值在明朝之前就是五千万人左右。”

“为何我大周能人口亿万,先秦汉唐却不能?彼时的农具有不少是木制或石制,人均田亩虽多,但缺精铁农具,缺良种,生产力低下。我大周虽有少数地方还在用石犁等落后农具,但多数地方都是铁器。此外,又有土豆番薯花生玉米等外来作物,抗旱抗寒,边角地也能种植,所以我大周的粮食总产量和亩产量,都要超过先秦两汉至隋唐宋元。”

“两汉的总产量是六百亿斤左右,亩产一百一十斤。”

“魏晋隋唐则是八百多亿斤,亩产一百五十斤。”

“宋元时,总产量是一千七百亿斤,亩产是一百四十斤到三百斤左右。”

“至大周,总产量是两千三百四十亿斤,亩产是一百五十到三百三十七斤左右。”

“这说明,不论帝王是明或暗,不论是不是以圣人之道治国,或是黄老之术,技术是一直在进步,而不是倒退。”

“然则,虽大周的粮食总产量是隋唐的三倍还多,但人口也是接近三倍了。人均田亩更是远少于汉唐之时。”

“这使得我大周的百姓,在蛋,肉,主食的人均摄入数量上,肯定是不如汉唐之时。”

“这是一种倒退。”

“长久下去,便是积贫积弱,再长久下去,便是会有不忍言之事发生。”

“更进一步提升生产力,就还是要从农人,工具,土地这三方面来设法。”

“首要之事,是要推广新技术,推行新农具,推广种植新的良种。种田之法,臣以为汉时的区田法比较适合现在的大周,但知者不多,或无人在意,百姓则很少有知道的。此外,兰州大水车之类的农具,水利发明,在前明的开工开物一书中就有,还有前明大学士徐光启的农政全书,也是极有用处,但也是无人在意。种田之法,农具,良种,配套实行,虽不会有质的飞跃,但也会有量的改变。若大周平均亩产能稳在三百斤这个高峰值上,则再养活五千万人也不在话下,可以减缓矛盾百年,甚至可得盛世五十年!”

“提升生产力,臣以为首要又得得人和,得人和,需得先政通,其次方有人和。否则,天子的经再好,经不起下头的歪嘴和尚把它给念歪。”

“臣,不过草莽布衣,性喜读书,偶有所得,不敢敝帚自珍,斗胆公诸于外,幸得陛下看重,又当面垂顾咨询,臣知无不言,言无不尽矣……”

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