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第520章 对辽金融战(1 / 2)

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天福七年(942):

这一年的春天开始,全国大旱,且伴随着严重的蝗灾,这场蝗灾持续了整整一年多,“天下诸州飞蝗害田,食草木叶皆尽”,庄稼颗粒无收。

旱蝗相继,导致百姓大量流亡,饿殍遍地,潼关以西地区,饥民的死亡率竟然高达惊人的80%!(关西饿殍尤甚,死者十七八)

这一年的6月,石敬瑭就驾崩了。也正是因为这一轮的灾情,“晋祚自兹衰矣”。

4,经济改革

石敬瑭在进入洛阳之后,快速而简洁地清算了“李从珂集团”,只诛“三大恶人”,其中就有李从珂的钱袋子——张延朗。

可是很快,石敬瑭就有些后悔杀死张延朗,因为精通财会制度的人少之又少,偌大的朝廷,居然找不出一个“判三司”的合适人选。

最后,经过一个月的物色,终于让皇城使周瑰担负起了这个重任。

桑维翰给石敬瑭定了一个基调,那就是哄契丹、促生产。中原王朝拥有着惊人的自愈能力,只要外部环境相对稳定,生产经营有序进行,就一定会渡过难关,实现复兴。

所以石敬瑭的一系列善政都是围绕着这个核心思路来展开。经过一段时间的恢复,社会经济发展水平已经直追“明宗盛世”。

在这种情况下,石敬瑭开放了“农禁”,即允许民间私自打造农具。

封建时期有种说法,叫“寸铁为兵”,各种铁器都是要上报官府备案的,以防止有人用农具打造兵器铠甲。在某些特定的历史时期,对于民间铁器的监管到了令人发指的地步,比如五户共用一把菜刀。

敢于开放农具,让老百姓自由打造铁器,表现了政府的充分自信,以及经济发展的蓬勃向上。

在一个快速发展的经济体中,对生产资料的严格管控,会严重迟滞经济的发展。

天福年间,随着石敬瑭不断地减税、免税、释放劳动力、鼓励开荒等政策的颁布,出现了生产资料的严重短缺,于是,石敬瑭与时俱进,开放了农具的禁令,促进了经济的恢复和快速发展。

开放农禁,还不是最疯狂的,石敬瑭最疯狂的、也是被世人诟病最多的一个举措,是开放了“钱禁”,即允许民间私造货币。

政府允许民间印假钞……这是表象,也是被人们误会最深的地方。

“钱禁”开放了半年多,就被宣告作废,重新禁止民间私铸。这也是被后世学者当做有力证据的地方,批评石敬瑭不懂金融,乱搞一气。

没那么简单。我们极有可能是冤枉他了。

在前文讲高骈搞崩溃西川经济的时候,提到了“短陌钱”,继而引申了部分金融学常识,例如“钱荒”。随着经济的蓬勃发展和金融市场的快速运转,“钱荒”是必然产生的结果,而“短陌钱”就等于朝廷以政府信用为抵押,发行“影子货币”,凭空创造了虚拟货币。

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