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第457章 民族英雄张义潮(1 / 2)

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【民族英雄张义潮】

在失去对蜀地的控制权之后,帝国西北部又出了状况。

首先来到李嗣源面前的,是一条好消息:凉州将领及人民群众联合上表,请求拥立孙超同志为节度使。也就是说,天下要冲、国家藩卫的凉州(今甘肃省武威市)回归中央!

李嗣源竟然一头雾水,错愕道:“孙超是谁?”

左右人这才为他讲述了凉州的来龙去脉:

要问凉州孙超,话就长了,咱们长话短说。大唐在西部有个重要的邻居——吐蕃,吐蕃对大唐西部边陲影响巨大。“安史之乱”以后,大唐江河日下,对西北疆域逐渐失去控制,吐蕃趁此机会鲸吞蚕食,将包括沙洲、凉州、瓜州、兰州等在内的河西地区蚕食殆尽。

吐蕃对这里的人民实行高压奴役统治,残酷剥削,沦陷区人民日日夜夜盼望大唐王师能够收复故土。据史籍记载,每当有唐朝使节经过此地时,老百姓都会夹道迎呼、泣涕不止,向祖国使节哭诉“亡国奴”的悲惨遭遇,并问使节:“皇帝犹念陷吐蕃生灵否?”

使节们看这些人的穿装打扮,全是大唐衣冠服饰,只是口音略有改变,一经询问,才知道他们是“安史之乱”时沦陷到吐蕃的难民子孙,“难二代”、“难三代”。

几十年过去了,几代人故去了,这里的人民仍然心系大唐,仍然唱着《中国心》,虽然他们根本没有见过“大唐”长什么模样,却一代一代地口口相传,“我们是中国人!大唐皇帝才是我们的皇帝!祖国不会抛弃我们的。”

此情此景,一曲《中国心》在耳边萦绕。

中国人的凝聚力古已有之。

到了唐武宗、唐宪宗时,唐朝国运触底反弹,“会昌中兴”、“大中之治”,而吐蕃则在政局动荡和自然灾害的合力作用下,国力急剧下滑。此消彼长,大唐也开始对吐蕃用兵,收复失地。

大唐军队一连串的胜利极大地鼓舞了河西人民的反抗吐蕃暴政的热情。王师北定中原日,家祭无忘告乃翁。

大中二年(848),有位叫张义潮的英雄豪杰,联合了多方反对吐蕃的势力,在沙洲发动起义,驱逐了吐蕃军队,取得了沙洲的控制权,随后就派使节联络大唐朝廷,奏报当地局势,并请求中央派遣军队支援。

唐宣宗高度赞扬了张义潮的壮举,立即提拔他当沙洲防御使,鼓励他继续与吐蕃作战,收复失地。

张义潮不负众望,以沙洲为根据地,一口气夺回了瓜、甘、肃、兰等十州,收复了今日的新疆、甘肃、青海等一大片领土。并于大中五年(851)派使节献上十一州图籍,自此,陷于吐蕃拜年之久的河西地区重新回到大唐怀抱。

唐宣宗在沙洲设置归义军,下辖上述十一州,以张义潮为归义军节度使,封南阳郡开国公、食邑二千户实封三百户(已经是超王级待遇),另有其他封赐无需细表。

总之,张义潮是唐朝末年收复河西的民族英雄。

吐蕃势力被压缩进凉州,而凉州扼守着“河西走廊”,掐住了大唐进出西域的细脖颈。不拔出凉州,沙洲归义军就无法与朝廷取得有效联系,朝廷更无法有效经营西域。

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