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八百八十五章 真正的儒家(1 / 2)

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郑玄和刘澜的对话彻底引出了前者的话头,口若悬河的说道:“像你口中所说寡恩的小氏族,我却是很少见的,我这些年所见的贫农之所以会成为中农、富农,倒有很多是租地耕种的佃农,他们自身土地贫瘠或是缺少,那么就会在有闲余时去租种小氏族家的田地,如此一来不但氏族家可以从荒田中有所盈余,就是佃农的生活也因为他们的勤劳而通过租地耕种得到解决,并且从中逐渐成为富农、中农者更是不知凡几,而像你口中所说因为租种他人的土地,越租越穷的却是极为少见的。”

“可是我就遇到过佃农在被逼无奈下去做拦路打劫的强盗的。”刘澜极力辩解道,因为他想起了前来小沛时的侯和。

“这样的事情却也是极为少见的,但这样的事情却可以避免,只是当今朝廷……”说道这里却是有些痛心疾首地摇摇头,喟然长叹道:“不说也罢,不说也罢!”

刘澜有些疑惑地说道:“朝廷,难道朝廷能将此事避免?”

郑玄微微一笑,浅啜杯中茶后却是顾左右而言他道:“所有的百姓心中都想要过上富豪或是富农的生活,都想要极力改善他们的生活,可是若说他们都是不够节俭,不够勤劳,不够聪明而使他们无法成为富农,那么老夫是绝对不会信的,可是他们既然足够勤劳,足够节俭,为何依然会如此穷苦呢?”这最后一句话却是问向了刘澜。

刘澜想了想,试探性地说道:“当今天下战事绵亘,导致宵小频出,在如此治安之下,百姓安能安稳度日,再加上繁重地捐税以及不时的灾害奇袭等。地少者便连肚子都填不饱,又如何能够有所积蓄?”

“哈哈哈哈——”

郑玄放声大笑道:“没想到你还有些眼光,能看出这些困扰百姓的根本。”一副孺子可教眼神的微微抚须。赞赏地看向他,道:“若是因为天灾人祸导致百姓粮食歉收。那朝廷只需减免受灾地的赋税,并及时救济,那你说那些无法还清地租的佃农还会去当山贼吗?你说当年的黄巾之祸被鼓动者还会有那么多吗?”

“小子明白了。”

刘澜心头一喜,急忙说道:“先生看得清,瞧得准,直指要害关键,小子佩服得紧。”顿了顿又道:“如先生所说,若朝廷圣明。则会避免这些事,若是朝廷腐朽,岂不是……”

虽然刘澜一口一个朝廷,但郑玄如何不知他的矛头是直指天子的,说道:”天子,天之长子也。乃秉承天意治理天下,若其倒行逆施,有违天意的话,那天神便会派下另一位大圣人来取代他,便如……”说道这里却看向刘澜。也不知该说还是不该说,内心挣扎片刻,最后还是说道:“便如高祖一般。”

“什么?”刘澜听郑玄如此说。心中大感荒唐,天子暴虐不仁这都是君主制的产物,怎么在儒家看来却是这样……叹息一声,君权神授,君权神授,怪不得历朝历代都要用儒家……但随即一想也是,儒家和民主之间,最大的差距就是明主是一群人打到了那个独裁者,大家意见不统一。怎么办,举手表决。而儒家却是一个人打到了一群人。意见不统一?怎么办?当然是听‘老子’我的了。

根本没有发觉此时屋内的气氛有些异常,正自得意的刘澜发觉自己当真是太有才了。竟然连这么深奥地问题都能如此简单的想出来,不由地笑出声来。

郑玄看着他,不突然见他笑出了声,道:“笑什么呢?”

“没有,没有。”

刘澜有些尴尬地说道:“我们说到哪了?”

郑玄想了想,道:“说到朝廷了。”随即又道:“毕竟天下这么大,耕种的田地就这么多,氏族手中的耕地能够租种出去的毕竟有限,而真正困扰黔首百姓的却也是地少人多,而且贫农又多是羁縻之地,一旦上交了税赋后,却也无法维持自身的生活。”

“是啊。”

刘澜深以为然的点点头,汉朝是按人头收税,所以说越穷越生,越生越穷的事情屡见不鲜,而随着时代进步,像后世培养子女再也不是以数量而是以质量时,那么出生人口自然就会降低,而随之降低的后果自然导致步入老年化社会。

郑玄点点头道:“所以说,真要想解决贫农的问题,最主要的还是鼓励他们开阡陌,而且还要想办法可以使他们能够有其他的收入;让他们能有更多的进款,如此一来,他们只要变的富有了,那么贫农自然就会消失,如此一来,天下百姓能过上小康的生活,国家又岂能不强大?”说道这里,却是叹息道:“民亦劳止,汔可小康。”

“什么?小康的生活?这不是邓爷爷毕生的努力吗?难道汉朝时就已经有小康这个词汇了?”他心中虽然好奇,却也并不敢问出,突然好似想道什么,忙问道:“先生,不是说儒家不言利吗?怎么你却说让百姓除了耕种还要有其他的进款呢?”

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