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第二七二七章 宝石的灵性(1 / 2)

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或许有人要问,为什么偏偏宋版书如此珍贵呢?

主要原因还是宋版书流传不多,极为罕见,加以宋代刻印的书籍内容近于古本,刊印精美,装潢考究。

北宋时期,除首都汴梁外,尚有江浙、福省、川州等地都是刻书的中心。

后代的兵燹战乱、水火天灾,给宋版书带来了厄运,使北宋印本书籍能留存到今天的,除极少数的佛经外,如凤毛麟角。

从版式看,北宋刻本大都是白口,左右双栏或四周双栏,也有一些早期刻本采用四周单栏。

南宋中叶开始流行黑口,多见于建本。

版心中往往标出书名、卷次、页码及刻工姓名,有的还标出字数。

官刻本卷末一般镌刻有校勘人衔名,坊刻本则多有书耳和牌记。

传世宋刻本有不少讲究字大悦目,行格疏朗,如南宋两浙东路茶盐司刻《周易注疏》、《尚书正义》、《周礼注疏》、《礼记正义》和绍兴府刻《春秋左传正义》等,均止八行款式。

也有些宋刻本行格较密。清人江标著有《宋元行格表》,可为鉴定时参考。

宋人工书法,崇尚欧阳询、颜真卿、柳公权的字体,风气所尚,也影响到版刻事业。

北宋早期盛行欧体,后期逐渐浒颜体和柳体,但各地区刻书又有分别。

川本颜体居多,间架开阔,字形丰满,建本柳体居多,笔画刚劲,字硬如骨;

浙本则多欧体,纤细秀雅,字形略瘦;

西江刻本既有柳体,又有欧体。明人谢肇曾说:“宋刻有肥瘦两种,肥者学颜,瘦者学欧。“

这是前人的经验之谈。

宋代造纸技术较为发达,印刷用纸品类繁多,大致有竹纸和皮纸两类,建本多用竹纸,色黄而薄,时间长了还会变黑变脆;

浙本、川本多用皮约纸,即以桑树皮和楮树皮为原料制成的纸张,色白而厚,两面光洁。

此外,不少地方还用麻纸印书。

宋代刻本中还有用公文纸背面印书的,如黄丕烈《菱圃题跋》所记,《北山小集》用乾道六年簿籍印成,《芦川词》用收粮案牍印成。

这种“公文纸本“流传较少,但较易鉴别。

古籍专家手里这残缺的宋版书,张天元一瞧就知道应该是川本,虽然只剩下十几页,不过字迹清晰,剩下的这些保存还算完好,不至于令人懊恼。

“好东西!”

张天元点了点头,继而看向了最后一个雕刻专家。

那人也没说话,随手拿出了一块玉牌。

“哦?是子冈牌,好,好!四位果然都是行家,手里头的东西也令人惊讶,那么不知道四位要怎么考教我呢?”

张天元现在真是有点心潮澎湃的。

这么多好东西,要是都能弄到手,那真得是没有白来这个交流会了。

“那就先从我开始吧。”

西川笑着说道:“张先生对水晶玉石了解吗?”

“还凑合。”

“既然如此,我说一种水晶玉石,您说出它的灵性,同样的,您说一种,我也一样说出灵性,如何?谁回答不上来,或者回答错了,就算输了!”

西川问道。

“可以,那开始吧,你先说。”

张天元好整以暇地笑道。

“行,我说这第一种就是玉髓!”

西川笑道。

“玉髓啊?”

张天元想了想道:

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