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第3章 宪法大纲(1 / 2)

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君主立宪,顾名思义,就是保留君主作为国家元首,并制定宪法约束君权,以实现民主政治的一种政权体制!它是资产阶级革命与封建君主达成妥协的产物,某种程度上,避免了武装革命所带来的流血牺牲,具有一定的积极意义!

不过,也有人评论说,君主立宪制,不适用于中国,那是西方人鼓捣出来的玩意,在中华大地上,水土不服!事实上,这种说法似是而非,强调了历史的必然,却忽视了历史的偶然性!

历史,与我们开了个大大的玩笑,耽误我们选择君主立宪,走向民主政治的,是腐朽没落的满清王朝!

了解明代历史的朋友,应该知道,内阁是个什么东东吧?也知道东林党是咋回事吧?

明代自嘉靖朝起,皇帝不上朝,不理国事,渐渐成为一种常态,国家大政,基本是由内阁掌控,后来就是东林党与阉党轮番登场,看似混乱不堪,实则已经诞生了君主立宪制的土壤!

皇帝不爱管事,干脆以后就别管了,大家都尊敬你,把你当国家元首,但国家大事,就由我们来管了;我想一直管,管到死,可别人不愿意,总想着把我拉下马,我就得拉拢一伙人,维护我的权力!这不就是君主立宪和党派政治的雏形吗!

有人说,正是党争,毁了大明王朝,这话有道理!可反过来想,即便大明灭亡了,这种苗头若能继续发展下去,有没有可能中国领先西方,更早走上君主立宪制的道路,并逐渐实现民主政治呢?完全有可能啊!

但是,满清入主中原却打断了这一历史进程,逆历史潮流而动,导致整个国家在君主强权专制之下,腐朽没落,积贫积弱,以至于最终沦为列强纷纷前来瓜分的蛋糕,造成我中华民族百年屈辱,到现在都没缓过劲来!

满清,是个非常反动的王朝,别拿什么康乾盛世为其粉饰,他们就是我中华民族的罪人!明代中后期出现的资本主义萌芽,被满清统治者给掐断了;明代中后期出现的各种先进火器,被满清统治者给禁绝了;明代中后期出现的民主政治之火,也被满清统治者用君主极权,无情浇灭!

可以设想,如果没有满清王朝横插一杠,今天的中国,说不定仍是世界第一,如强汉和盛唐那时一样,傲立于世界民族之林,独占鳌头,俯视群小!

那么,满清统治者们,为什么如此反动?究其原因,就是他们在当时属于异族,虽然高高在上,却总是担心汉人有朝一日会起来造反,推翻他们的统治!

为此,满清皇帝们,不仅禁止了危险的火器,还采取愚民政策,蒙昧百姓,通过经济封锁和垄断,扼杀了资本主义萌芽的发展,更是把君主集权专制,推向了顶点和高潮,把国家大权牢牢捏在手里,还能允许出现什么民主政治?就连内阁和军机大臣,都成了皇帝的私人秘书,根本没有任何权力可言!

于是乎,满清皇帝们居然成了中国历史上最为“勤政”的皇帝,尤以雍正帝为甚,其他人,也没差哪去,一个个把自己累得半死,叫苦连天,事实上纯属活该!

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