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第620章 晋10(1 / 2)

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东晋人认为,司马绍因母亲是鲜卑人而相貌类似于鲜卑人,所以才被称为“黄头鲜卑奴”或“黄须鲜卑奴”,证明“黄头”或“黄须”正是鲜卑人的相貌特征。金发是白种人的显着特征之一,可见鲜卑人、至少是东部鲜卑人中,存在相当数量的白种人。不仅东晋人把“黄头”或“黄须”看成是鲜卑人的相貌特征,在唐朝人的观念中,鲜卑人的相貌特征仍具有金发碧眼等白种人的特点。

司马裒(300年―317年),字道成,晋元帝司马睿次子,晋明帝司马绍同母弟,母为宫人荀氏,东晋宗室。

司马裒因母荀氏身份卑微,故由司马睿正妻元敬皇后虞孟母抚养长大。起初过继给叔父长乐亭侯司马浑为嗣子,后改封宣城郡公,官拜后将军。

建武元年(317年)四月,改封琅琊王,嗣为琅琊恭王司马觐后,授任散骑常侍、车骑将军等。同年六月,司马裒跟随祖逖北伐石勒。十月,司马裒去世,时年十八岁,谥号孝王,追赠车骑大将军、侍中,后再追赠太保。

人物生平

出继叔父

司马裒,字道成,出生于西晋永康元年(300年),是晋元帝司马睿的第二个儿子,晋明帝司马绍的同母弟弟,母亲是宫人荀氏。司马睿因荀氏的身份卑微,在司马裒出生之后,便让正妻虞孟母抚养司马裒,司马裒是在嫡母虞孟母的养育下长大。1

司马裒起初过继给叔父长乐亭侯司马浑为嗣子,后来改封为宣城郡公,并官拜后将军。2

欲立太子

建武元年(317年)三月初九日,司马睿承制改元,即晋王位3

(尚未称帝),建立东晋政权,是为晋元帝。当时有关官员奏请晋元帝立太子,晋元帝认为司马裒有成人的器量,强于长子司马绍,在闲谈时对王导说:“立太子应根据德行而不根据年龄。”王导说:“世子司马绍、宣城郡公司马裒都有过人的目光,本来就应当根据年龄。”同年四月初四日,晋元帝立司马绍为太子,改封司马裒为琅邪王4

,嗣为琅琊恭王司马觐之后,将会稽、宣城二郡五万二干户改为司马裒的食邑,授任他为散骑常侍、使持节、都督青徐兖三州诸军事、车骑将军,并征召他回到京城建康(今江苏南京)。5

随伐石勒

建武元年(317年)六月,石勒部将石虎围攻谯城,东晋平西将军祖逖率军将其击退。六月十八日,晋元帝向天下传递檄文说:“逆贼石勒,在河朔一带大肆掳掠,经历年讨伐,已惊魂不定,窜逸远方。但又派遣其凶党石虎率领犬羊之众,渡河南犯,肆意毒害百姓。平西将军祖逖率众讨伐,立即溃散。今派遣车骑将军、琅邪王司马裒等九军,精锐之卒三万,水陆四路并进,直捣贼穴,接受祖逖的节度。有能斩石虎首级者,赏赐绢三千匹,黄金五十斤,封爵县侯,食邑二千户。贼党如能斩石虎首级送来,封赏如同前面一样。”6

司马裒于是跟随祖逊北伐石勒。

去世

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