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第525章 汉24(2 / 2)

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下诏说:“朝廷每发布赦免令,是打算与天下重新开始,真心地希望百姓能洗心革面,以保全其品格与性命的。以往有关官员在量刑时多把赦令前所犯的过失重提,累增犯法者的罪过,甚至株陷无辜之人。违背了朝廷发布赦令是为了重信慎刑与希望有罪过的人涤心自新的原意。对于举荐的人才,也因为他在历史上曾犯过某种过错,以为不可信任,就废置而不举荐。这就完全背离了孔子说的‘赦小过,举贤才’的原则。对于虽有经济及品行方面的错误但无人告发而被举荐的人,一律不必查究。以便鼓励人才集中精力去追求进步,不因小的疵点而妨碍一个难得的人才。从现在起,有关机构的官员不必陈奏赦前所犯的过失。有不遵此诏书的为有亏皇恩,以违背帝诏论处。特明着此令,布告天下,使明知其事。”[

]后群臣奏言大司马王莽功德像周公辅成王一样崇高,特赐号为安汉公,对太师孔光等都加封,赏赐天下臣民爵一级。官吏在位二百石以上,试用期未满的都按已满看待。[

]少年去世

元始三年(公元3年)春,决定立王莽之女为皇后,行纳采礼。当时,汉平帝的母亲卫姬被王莽禁止来长安,卫姬思念儿子,日夜哭泣,王莽之子王宇希望王莽归政于平帝母家卫氏,屡次让卫姬上书骂丁、傅两家,希望能到长安,但王莽只增加她的食邑,不让她来长安。不久发生吕宽之狱,卫氏受到牵连,被王莽灭门,卫后也被废为家人,一年多以后去世。[]元始四年(公元4年)二月,正式册立王莽之女为皇后。同年夏,加号王莽为“宰衡”,加九锡。[][]元始五年十二月丙午(实际上十二月没有丙午日,荀悦《汉纪》载丙子日即十六日[49]),刘衎在未央宫去世[],死因存在争议(参见“死因争议”目录),时年十四岁,谥号孝平皇帝,葬于康陵[](今陕西咸阳西25里处),王莽称帝后追加庙号为元宗,刘秀又将庙号削除。[

]为政举措

政治元始元年(公元1年)正月,诏令各诸侯王、公、列侯、关内侯等无子而有孙或养兄弟之子为嗣的,都可以为爵位继承人。公、列侯嗣子有罪,犯剃光头以上罪的先要请示朝廷。名列刘氏皇谱而因犯罪被开除族籍的,恢复其族籍。[]元始元年(公元1年)二月,设置主管阴阳时序的羲和官,俸禄为二千石;设置外史、闾师,俸禄为六百石。[]元始元年(公元1年)六月,设置少府海丞、果丞各一人;大司农郡丞十三人,每人负责一个州,劝勉发展农桑。[

]元始四年(公元4年),分出京师一部分建立前辉光、后丞烈二郡,更改十二州的名称,划分郡国所属的界限。[]同年,在王莽的奏请下实行明堂、辟雍等古制,由羲和刘歆等四人负责,使汉朝比拟于周朝。[]经济元始二年(公元2年),各郡国发生大旱灾、蝗灾,其中青州最为严重,百姓到处逃荒。安汉公王莽、四辅、三公、卿大夫、吏民为帮助百姓解决困难而捐献房屋与土地的有二百三十人,按照人口分配给贫民。并派遣使者负责灭蝗,百姓将捕杀的蝗虫送交官府,用石斗量蝗后按数付钱,天下的百姓的家资不满二万,以及受灾的郡县家资不满十万的,都免交租税。灾民中的病人,安置在捐献的邸舍房屋中,进行医治。给死者一家死六人以上的葬钱五千,死四人以上的三千,死二人以上的二千。

撤销安定的呼池苑,改为安民县,建起官署与住房,招募贫民迁居于此,由县官发给口粮。贫民迁移到居住处后,由公家分配给房屋土地与用具,并借给犁、牛、种、口粮。又在长安城中,修住宅二百区,以供贫民居住。[]

文化上,他封赐圣贤之后,元始元年(公元1年)六月,封周公的后人公孙相如为褒鲁侯,孔子的后人孔均为褒成侯。奉周公与孔子的祭祀。[

]览观风俗,元始四年(公元4年),派太仆王恽等八人并置副使,持朝廷命令,分别循行天下,览观风俗。[]

征召精通经术之人,元始五年(公元5年),征天下能精通逸经、古纪、天文、历算、钟律、小学、史篇、方术、本草以及《五经》、《论语》、《孝经》、《尔雅》教授的,从所在地乘传车,派到京师,到京师者有数千人。[

]民族关系上对匈奴,汉平帝在位时,发生了匈奴接纳西域都护府辖下的车师后王姑句、去胡来王唐兜的事件,汉朝派使者向中郎将韩隆、王昌、副校尉甄阜、侍中谒者帛敞、长水校尉王歙去匈奴索回,并召集西域诸国王,将二人斩首。随后与匈奴约定匈奴不得接纳四类人(中国人亡入匈奴者、乌孙亡降匈奴者、西域诸国佩中国印绶降匈奴者、乌桓降匈奴者。

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