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第358章 始皇本纪2(1 / 2)

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三十年,无事。

三十一年十二月,更名腊曰“嘉平”。赐黔首里六石米,二羊。始皇为微行咸阳,与武士四人俱,夜出逢盗兰池,见窘,武士击杀盗,关中大索二十日。米石千六百。

三十二年,始皇之碣石,使燕人卢生求羡门、高誓。刻碣石门。坏城郭,决通堤防。其辞曰:

遂兴师旅,诛戮无道,为逆灭息。武殄暴逆,文复无罪,庶心咸服。惠论功劳,赏及牛马,恩肥土域。皇帝奋威,德并诸侯,初一泰平。堕坏城郭,决通川防,夷去险阻。地势既定,黎庶无繇,天下咸抚。男乐其畴,女修其业,事各有序。惠被诸产,久并来田,莫不安所。群臣诵烈,请刻此石,垂着仪矩。

因使韩终、侯公、石生求仙人不死之药。始皇巡北边,从上郡入。燕人卢生使入海还,以鬼神事,因奏录图书,曰“亡秦者胡也”。始皇乃使将军蒙恬发兵三十万人北击胡,略取河南地。

三十三年,发诸尝逋亡人、赘婿、贾人略取陆梁地,为桂林、象郡、南海,以适遣戍。西北斥逐匈奴。自榆中并河以东,属之阴山,以为十四县,城河上为塞。又使蒙恬渡河取高阙、山、北假中,筑亭障以逐戎人。徙谪,实之初县。禁不得祠。明星出西方。三十四年,适治狱吏不直者,筑长城及南越地。

始皇置酒咸阳宫,博士七十人前为寿。仆射周青臣进颂曰:“他时秦地不过千里,赖陛下神灵明圣,平定海内,放逐蛮夷,日月所照,莫不宾服。以诸侯为郡县,人人自安乐,无战争之患,传之万世。自上古不及陛下威德。”始皇悦。博士齐人淳于越进曰:“臣闻殷周之王千馀岁,封子弟功臣,自为枝辅。今陛下有海内,而子弟为匹夫,卒有田常、六卿之臣,无辅拂,何以相救哉?事不师古而能长久者,非所闻也。今青臣又面谀以重陛下之过,非忠臣。”始皇下其议。丞相李斯曰:“五帝不相复,三代不相袭,各以治,非其相反,时变异也。今陛下创大业,建万世之功,固非愚儒所知。且越言乃三代之事,何足法也?异时诸侯并争,厚招游学。今天下已定,法令出一,百姓当家则力农工,士则学习法令辟禁。今诸生不师今而学古,以非当世,惑乱黔首。丞相臣斯昧死言:古者天下散乱,莫之能一,是以诸侯并作,语皆道古以害今,饰虚言以乱实,人善其所私学,以非上之所建立。今皇帝并有天下,别黑白而定一尊。私学而相与非法教,人闻令下,则各以其学议之,入则心非,出则巷议,夸主以为名,异取以为高,率群下以造谤。如此弗禁,则主势降乎上,党与成乎下。禁之便。臣请史官非秦记皆烧之。非博士官所职,天下敢有藏诗、书、百家语者,悉诣守、尉杂烧之。有敢偶语诗书者弃市。以古非今者族。吏见知不举者与同罪。令下三十日不烧,黥为城旦。所不去者,医药卜筮种树之书。若欲有学法令,以吏为师。”制曰:“可。”

三十五年,除道,道九原抵云阳,堑山堙谷,直通之。於是始皇以为咸阳人多,先王之宫廷小,吾闻周文王都丰,武王都镐,丰镐之间,帝王之都也。乃营作朝宫渭南上林苑中。先作前殿阿房,东西五百步,南北五十丈,上可以坐万人,下可以建五丈旗。周驰为阁道,自殿下直抵南山。表南山之颠以为阙。为复道,自阿房渡渭,属之咸阳,以象天极阁道绝汉抵营室也。阿房宫未成;成,欲更择令名名之。作宫阿房,故天下谓之阿房宫。隐宫徒刑者七十馀万人,乃分作阿房宫,或作丽山。发北山石椁,乃写蜀、荆地材皆至。关中计宫三百,关外四百馀。於是立石东海上朐界中,以为秦东门。因徙三万家丽邑,五万家云阳,皆复不事十岁。

卢生说始皇曰:“臣等求芝奇药仙者常弗遇,类物有害之者。方中,人主时为微行以辟恶鬼,恶鬼辟,真人至。人主所居而人臣知之,则害於神。真人者,入水不濡,入火不爇,陵云气,与天地久长。今上治天下,未能恬倓。原上所居宫毋令人知,然后不死之药殆可得也。”於是始皇曰:“吾慕真人,自谓‘真人’,不称‘朕’。”乃令咸阳之旁二百里内宫观二百七十复道甬道相连,帷帐锺鼓美人充之,各案署不移徙。行所幸,有言其处者,罪死。始皇帝幸梁山宫,从山上见丞相车骑众,弗善也。中人或告丞相,丞相後损车骑。始皇怒曰:“此中人泄吾语。”案问莫服。当是时,诏捕诸时在旁者,皆杀之。自是後莫知行之所在。听事,群臣受决事,悉於咸阳宫。

侯生卢生相与谋曰:“始皇为人,天性刚戾自用,起诸侯,并天下,意得欲从,以为自古莫及己。专任狱吏,狱吏得亲幸。博士虽七十人,特备员弗用。丞相诸大臣皆受成事,倚辨於上。上乐以刑杀为威,天下畏罪持禄,莫敢尽忠。上不闻过而日骄,下慑伏谩欺以取容。秦法,不得兼方不验,辄死。然候星气者至三百人,皆良士,畏忌讳谀,不敢端言其过。天下之事无小大皆决於上,上至以衡石量书,日夜有呈,不中呈不得休息。贪於权势至如此,未可为求仙药。”於是乃亡去。始皇闻亡,乃大怒曰:“吾前收天下书不中用者尽去之。悉召文学方术士甚众,欲以兴太平,方士欲练以求奇药。今闻韩众去不报,徐市等费以巨万计,终不得药,徒奸利相告日闻。卢生等吾尊赐之甚厚,今乃诽谤我,以重吾不德也。诸生在咸阳者,吾使人廉问,或为訞言以乱黔首。”於是使御史悉案问诸生,诸生传相告引,乃自除犯禁者四百六十馀人,皆阬之咸阳,使天下知之,以惩後。益发谪徙边。始皇长子扶苏谏曰:“天下初定,远方黔首未集,诸生皆诵法孔子,今上皆重法绳之,臣恐天下不安。唯上察之。”始皇怒,使扶苏北监蒙恬於上郡。

这章没有结束,请点击下一页继续阅读!三十六年,荧惑守心。有坠星下东郡,至地为石,黔首或刻其石曰“始皇帝死而地分”。始皇闻之,遣御史逐问,莫服,尽取石旁居人诛之,因燔销其石。始皇不乐,使博士为仙真人诗,及行所游天下,传令乐人歌弦之。秋,使者从关东夜过华阴平舒道,有人持璧遮使者曰:“为吾遗滈池君。”因言曰:“今年祖龙死。”使者问其故,因忽不见,置其璧去。使者奉璧具以闻。始皇默然良久,曰:“山鬼固不过知一岁事也。”退言曰:“祖龙者,人之先也。”使御府视璧,乃二十八年行渡江所沈璧也。於是始皇卜之,卦得游徙吉。迁北河榆中三万家。拜爵一级。

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