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第348章 关于史记中秦本纪中秦的来历(1 / 2)

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秦之先,帝颛顼之苗裔孙曰女修。女修织,玄鸟【玄鸟:《殷本纪》引述《诗经》中“天命玄鸟”的殷人起源传说,秦人起源也有类似传说,综合文献资料和甘肃清水李崖遗址等地的最新考古发现来推测,秦人可能源于一支西迁的东夷民族。】陨卵,女修吞之,生子大业。大业取少典之子,曰女华。女华生大费,与禹平水土。已成,帝锡【锡:赐。】玄圭。禹受曰:“非予能成,亦大费为辅。”帝舜曰:“咨尔费,赞禹功,其赐尔皂游【游:旌旗的旒苏,代指旌旗。】。尔后嗣将大出。”乃妻之姚姓之玉女。大费拜受,佐舜调驯鸟兽,鸟兽多驯服,是为柏翳【柏翳:也作“伯益”。】。舜赐姓嬴氏。

大费生子二人:一曰大廉,实鸟俗氏;二曰若木,实费氏。其【其:指继承费氏的若木。】玄孙曰费昌,子孙或在中国,或在夷狄。费昌当夏桀之时,去夏归商,为汤御,以败桀于鸣条。大廉玄孙曰孟戏、中衍,鸟身人言。帝太戊【帝太戊:即商中宗。】闻而卜之使御,吉,遂致使御而妻之。自太戊以下,中衍之后,遂世有功,以佐殷国,故嬴姓多显,遂为诸侯。

其玄孙曰中潏,在西戎,保西垂【垂:边疆。】。生蜚廉。蜚廉生恶来。恶来有力,蜚廉善走,父子俱以材力事殷纣。周武王之伐纣,并杀恶来。是时蜚廉为纣石【石:应作“使”,出使。】北方,还,无所报,为坛霍太山而报,得石棺,铭曰“帝令处父【处父:蜚廉的字。】不与殷乱,赐尔石棺以华氏【华氏:光大氏族。】”。死,遂葬于霍太山。蜚廉复曰季胜。季胜生孟增。孟增幸于周成王,是为宅皋狼。皋狼生衡父,衡父生造父。造父以善御【御:驾车。】幸于周缪王【周缪王:即周穆王。】,得骥、温骊、骅駵、騄耳之驷,西巡狩,乐而忘归。徐偃王作乱,造父为缪王御,长驱归周,一日千里以救乱。缪王以赵城封造父,造父族由此为赵氏。自蜚廉生季胜已下五世至造父,别居赵。赵衰其后也。恶来革者,蜚廉子也,蚤死。曰女防。女防生旁皋,旁皋生太几,太几生大骆,大骆生非子。以造父之宠,皆蒙赵城,姓赵氏【姓赵氏:《秦始皇本纪》称秦始皇生于赵国邯郸,“及生,名,姓赵氏”,使人误认为其以出生地为氏。据《秦本纪》可知,秦国公族为赵氏,始于赵父,并非只有秦始皇一人以赵为氏。】。

非子居犬丘,好马及畜,善养息之。犬丘人言之周孝王,孝王召使主马于汧渭之间,马大蕃息【蕃息:繁衍。】。孝王欲以为大骆适【适:通“嫡”。】嗣。申侯之女为大骆妻,生子称为适。申侯乃言孝王曰:“昔我先郦山之女,为戎胥轩妻,生中潏,以亲故归周,保西垂,西垂以其故和睦。今我复与大骆妻,生适子成。申骆重婚【重婚:两次联姻。】,西戎皆服,所以为王。王其图之。”于是孝王曰:“昔伯翳为舜主畜,畜多息,故有土,赐姓嬴。今其后世亦为朕息马,朕其分土为附庸【附庸:附属于大国的小国,等级低于诸侯。】。”邑之秦,使复续嬴氏祀,号曰秦嬴。亦不废申侯之女子为骆适者,以和西戎。

秦嬴生秦侯。秦侯立十年,卒。生公伯。公伯立三年,卒。生秦仲。

秦仲立三年,周厉王无道,诸侯或叛之。西戎反王室,灭犬丘大骆之族。周宣王即位,乃以秦仲为大夫,诛西戎。西戎杀秦仲。秦仲立二十三年,死于戎。有子五人,其长者曰庄公。周宣王乃召庄公昆弟五人,与兵七千人,使伐西戎,破之。于是复予秦仲后,及其先大骆地犬丘并有之,为西垂大夫。

庄公居其故西犬丘,生子三人,其长男世父。世父曰:“戎杀我大父仲,我非杀戎王则不敢入邑。”遂将击戎,让其弟襄公。襄公为太子。庄公立四十四年,卒,太子襄公代立。襄公元年,以女弟【女弟:妹妹。】缪嬴为丰王妻。襄公二年,戎围犬丘,世父击之,为戎人所虏。岁余,复归世父。七年春,周幽王用褒姒废太子,立褒姒子为适,数欺诸侯,诸侯叛之。西戎犬戎与申侯伐周,杀幽王郦山下。而秦襄公将兵救周,战甚力,有功。周避犬戎难,东徙雒邑,襄公以兵送周平王。平王封襄公为诸侯,赐之岐以西之地,曰:“戎无道,侵夺我岐、丰之地,秦能攻逐戎,即有其地。”与誓,封爵之。襄公于是始国,与诸侯通使聘享之礼,乃用駵驹、黄牛、羝羊各三,祠上帝西畤。十二年,伐戎而至岐,卒。生文公。

文公元年,居西垂宫。三年,文公以兵七百人东猎。四年,至汧渭之会,曰:“昔周邑我先秦嬴于此,后卒获为诸侯。”乃卜居之,占曰吉,即营邑之。十年,初为鄜畤,用三牢【三牢:祭祀或宴饮时牛、羊、猪齐备称三牢,又称太牢。羊、猪各一,称少牢,用于级别低于太牢的祭祀。牢,圈养牲畜的栏,代指祭祀用的牺牲。】。十三年,初有史以纪事,民多化者。十六年,文公以兵伐戎,戎败走。于是文公遂收周余民有之,地至岐,岐以东献之周。十九年,得陈宝。二十年,法初有三族之罪。二十七年,伐南山大梓,丰大特。四十八年,文公太子卒,赐谥为竫【竫:也作“静”。】公。竫公之长子为太子,是文公孙也。五十年,文公卒,葬西山。竫公子立,是为宁【宁:应作“宪”。】公。

小主,这个章节后面还有哦,请点击下一页继续阅读,后面更精彩!宁公二年,公徙居平阳。遣兵伐荡社。三年,与亳战,亳王奔戎,遂灭荡社。四年,鲁公子翚弑【弑:臣杀君,子杀父。】其君隐公。十二年,伐荡氏,取之。宁公生十岁立,立十二年卒,葬西山。生子三人,长男武公为太子。武公弟德公,同母鲁姬子。生出子【生出子:“生”前脱“王姬”二字。王姬,周天子的女儿。出子,《十二诸侯年表》作“出公”。战国时另有秦惠公之子谥楚公。】。宁公卒,大庶长弗忌、威垒、三父废太子而立出子为君。出子六年,三父等复共令人贼杀【贼杀:杀害。】出子。出子生五岁立,立六年卒。三父等乃复立故太子武公。

武公元年,伐彭戏氏,至于华山下,居平阳封宫。三年,诛三父等而夷三族,以其杀出子也。郑高渠眯杀其君昭公。十年,伐邽、冀戎,初县【县:设立县。】之。十一年,初县杜、郑。灭小虢。

十三年,齐人管至父、连称等杀其君襄公而立公孙无知。晋灭霍、魏、耿。齐雍廪杀无知、管至父等而立。齐、晋为强国。

十九年,晋曲沃【曲沃:晋国旁支曲沃氏,见《晋世家》。】始为晋侯。齐桓公伯【伯:霸,诸侯盟主。】于鄄。

二十年,武公卒,葬雍平阳。初以人从死,从死者六十六人。有子一人,名曰白,白不立,封平阳。立其弟德公。

德公元年,初居雍城大郑宫。以牺三百牢【三百牢:一百副太牢,即牛、羊、猪各三百。】祠鄜畤。卜居雍,后子孙饮马于河。梁伯、芮伯来朝。二年,初伏,以狗御蛊。德公生三十三岁而立,立二年卒。生子三人:长子宣公,中子成公,少子穆公。长子宣公立。

宣公元年,卫、燕伐周,出惠王,立王子颓。三年,郑伯、虢叔杀子颓而入惠王。四年,作密畤。与晋战河阳,胜之。十二年,宣公卒。生子九人,莫立,立其弟成公。

成公元年,梁伯、芮伯来朝。齐桓公伐山戎,次于孤竹。

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