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第341章 真实历史上的王翦祖孙三人(1 / 2)

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《史记》七十列传 王翦列传

王翦者,频阳东乡人也。少而好兵,事秦始皇。始皇十一年,翦将攻赵阏与,破之,拔九城,十八年,翦将攻赵。岁馀,遂拔赵,赵王降,尽定赵地为郡。明年,燕使荆轲为贼於秦,秦王使王翦攻燕。燕王喜走辽东,翦遂定燕蓟而还。秦使翦子王贲击荆,荆兵败。还击魏,魏王降,遂定魏地。

秦始皇既灭三晋,走燕王,而数破荆师。秦将李信者,年少壮勇,尝以兵数千逐燕太子丹至於衍水中,卒破得丹,始皇以为贤勇。於是始皇问李信:“吾欲攻取荆,於将军度用几何人而足?”李信曰:“不过用二十万人。”始皇问王翦,王翦曰:“非六十万人不可。”始皇曰:“王将军老矣,何怯也!李将军果势壮勇,其言是也。”遂使李信及蒙恬将二十万南伐荆。王翦言不用,因谢病,归老於频阳。李信攻平与,蒙恬攻寝,大破荆军。信又攻鄢郢,破之,於是引兵而西,与蒙恬会城父。荆人因随之,三日三夜不顿舍,大破李信军,入两壁,杀七都尉,秦军走。

始皇闻之,大怒,自驰如频阳,见谢王翦曰:“寡人以不用将军计,李信果辱秦军。今闻荆兵日进而西,将军虽病,独忍弃寡人乎!”王翦谢曰:“老臣罢病悖乱,唯大王更择贤将。”始皇谢曰:“已矣,将军勿复言!”王翦曰:“大王必不得已用臣,非六十万人不可。”始皇曰:“为听将军计耳。”於是王翦将兵六十万人,始皇自送至灞上。王翦行,请美田宅园池甚众。始皇曰:“将军行矣,何忧贫乎?”王翦曰:“为大王将,有功终不得封侯,故及大王之乡臣,臣亦及时以请园池为子孙业耳。”始皇大笑。王翦既至关,使使还请善田者五辈。或曰:“将军之乞贷,亦已甚矣。”王翦曰:“不然。夫秦王怚而不信人。今空秦国甲士而专委於我,我不多请田宅为子孙业以自坚,顾令秦王坐而疑我邪?”

王翦果代李信击荆。荆闻王翦益军而来,乃悉国中兵以拒秦。王翦至,坚壁而守之,不肯战。荆兵数出挑战,终不出。王翦日休士洗沐,而善饮食抚循之,亲与士卒同食。久之,王翦使人问军中戏乎?对曰:“方投石超距。”於是王翦曰:“士卒可用矣。”荆数挑战而秦不出,乃引而东。翦因举兵追之,令壮士击,大破荆军。至蕲南,杀其将军项燕,荆兵遂败走。秦因乘胜略定荆地城邑。岁馀,虏荆王负刍,竟平荆地为郡县。因南征百越之君。而王翦子王贲,与李信破定燕、齐地。

秦始皇二十六年,尽并天下,王氏、蒙氏功为多,名施於後世。

秦二世之时,王翦及其子贲皆已死,而又灭蒙氏。陈胜之反秦,秦使王翦之孙王离击赵,围赵王及张耳钜鹿城。或曰:“王离,秦之名将也。今将强秦之兵,攻新造之赵,举之必矣。”客曰:“不然。夫为将三世者必败。必败者何也?必其所杀伐多矣,其後受其不祥。今王离已三世将矣。”居无何,项羽救赵,击秦军,果虏王离,王离军遂降诸侯。

太史公曰:鄙语云“尺有所短,寸有所长”。白起料敌合变,出奇无穷,声震天下,然不能救患於应侯。王翦为秦将,夷六国,当是时,翦为宿将,始皇师之,然不能辅秦建德,固其根本,偷合取容,以至筊身。及孙王离为项羽所虏,不亦宜乎!彼各有所短也。

白起、王翦,俱善用兵。递为秦将,拔齐破荆。赵任马服,长平遂阬。楚陷李信,霸上卒行。贲、离继出,三代无名。

王贲(生卒年不详),字典,秦频阳东乡(现如今陕西省富平县)人,秦朝时期名将。

王翦之子。

秦王政二十一年(公元前226年),王贲率师伐楚。

次年,王贲率领六十万大军攻打魏国,包围魏都大梁,引黄河鸿沟水灌大梁,后大梁城破,魏王假投降,尽取魏地,魏国灭亡。

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