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第三百七十五章 建州女真!(1 / 2)

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说起大明和建州女真的关系,最早可以追溯到太祖皇帝,女真部族本是关外的一支小部族,当初太祖皇帝驱逐蒙元,建立大明之后,元朝残余势力向北迁徙,进而威胁到了女真部族的生存,其中尤其以建州女真受害最深,无奈之下,建州女真举部迁徙,沿忽汗水向南,在绥芬河周围定居下来,并向大明表示臣服。

永乐六年,成祖皇帝将建州女真一分为三,立建州三卫,其部落领封龙虎将军,成为大明的一支外编部队,但是要知道,在大明边界之外,并不只有建州女真一个部落,整个女真部族大略分为建州女真,海西女真,东海女真三个部落。

彼时海西女真势力最大,与大明相隔建州女真,故而太祖皇帝厚待建州女真,借以钳制海西女真与东海女真两个部落。

在明朝两百多年的的历史当中,对于女真部族的政策一向是分而化之,维持平衡,直至努尔哈赤祖父觉昌安这一代,觉昌安与姻亲王杲联合,气焰嚣张,于互市之时强买强卖,王杲遂为辽东总兵李成梁率兵剿杀,其子阿台图为报父仇,于边境寻衅,再度被李成梁率兵剿杀。

与此同时,觉昌安和努尔哈赤之父塔克世亦难逃一命,死于战乱之中。

那时努尔哈赤方才二十五岁,父祖一夕尽皆殒命,部族势力分崩离析,只得向大明朝廷求救,将父祖之死归于建州左卫图伦城主尼堪外兰头上,当时大明为了为求平衡,赐封努尔哈赤为龙虎将军,赐印绶,并赐敕书三十道,准其收复旧部,但却不曾出兵。

然努尔哈赤有了朝廷赐封的正统名分之后,以父祖遗甲十三副召集旧部起兵讨伐尼堪外兰,并于万历十一年攻克图伦城,继而向抚顺进,三年之内攻克数城,终在万历十四年六月,于鹅尔浑城诛杀尼堪外兰。

然则此时,建州三卫当中,已有将近七成疆土势力在努尔哈赤控制当中,原本混乱不堪的建州女真诸部族,或被拉拢,或被吞并,已经大部分变成了努尔哈赤的势力。

大明也正是在这个时候才注意到,原本他们用来牵制尼堪外兰的努尔哈赤,已经不知不觉当中成长到了如此地步,但是当时大明内部正是国本之争最为激烈之时,无暇分心他顾,又继续给了努尔哈赤成长的空间。

而且努尔哈赤也是聪慧之辈,知道自己已经引起了明朝的注意,便立刻在万历十五年称自己为舒勒贝勒,激怒了海西女真,双方大打出手,再度令大明放松了警惕。

至万历二十一年,努尔哈赤彻底统一建州女真诸部,并吞并东海女真诸多部落,势力进一步扩张……

回顾着努尔哈赤崛起的过程,即便是朱常洛也不得不称他着实是一个枭雄之才!

纵观他每次出兵的时机,无不是把握的分毫不差,更是揣测人心,于各方势力当中壮大自身,而且善用大义,懂得隐忍,大明败在他的手里,的确不亏!

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